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Distribution and Mineralogical Characteristic of Raya Volcanics, West Kalimantan
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.55981/eksplorium.2021.6511
Abstract
ABSTRACT. There are several volcanic rocks in a radius of 150 km from where the Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) site project in West Kalimantan. The Mesozoic volcanic rocks have not been characterized for volcanic hazard evaluation purposes due to their old age. However, the distribution of Raya Volcanic Rocks that covers the site area and the wider area up to 150 kilometers from the site makes this rock group quite important to be characterized to find out how its activities in the past. This paper’s objective is to comprehend the distribution and characteristics of Raya Volcanic Rocks for NPP site volcanic hazard evaluation purposes. Fieldwork and lineament analyses were conducted to map and interpret the distribution of Raya Volcanic Rocks while mineralogical analysis using petrography and micro XRF were conducted to characterize the Raya Volcanic Rocks. The distribution of Raya Volcanic Rocks that relatively show NNW–SSE orientation is probably controlled by the NNW–SSE fault system. The analyses resulted that Raya Volcanic Rocks erupted as lava flows derived from mafic magma as a product of mantle partial melting that underwent crystal fractionation, injection of hotter/more Ca-rich magma, and magma mixing on an open-system magmatic process.
ABSTRAK. Terdapat beberapa batuan vulkanik dalam radius 150 km dari lokasi proyek tapak Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Nuklir (PLTN) di Kalimantan Barat. Batuan vulkanik Mesozoikum belum dikarakterisasi untuk tujuan evaluasi bahaya vulkanik karena umurnya yang relatif tua. Namun, sebaran Batuan Vulkanis Raya yang meliputi area tapak dan wilayah yang lebih luas hingga 150 kilometer dari tapak menjadikan gugusan batuan ini cukup penting untuk dikarakterisasi untuk mengetahui bagaimana aktivitasnya di masa lalu. Penelitian ini bertujuan memahami sebaran dan karakteristik Batuan Vulkanik Raya untuk evaluasi bahaya gunung api di lokasi PLTN. Observasi lapangan dan analisis kelurusan dilakukan untuk memetakan dan menginterpretasi sebaran Batuan Vulkanik Raya, sedangkan analisis mineralogi menggunakan petrografi dan XRF mikro dilakukan untuk mengkarakterisasi Batuan Vulkanik Raya. Sebaran Batuan Vulkanik Raya yang relatif menunjukkan orientasi NNW–SSE kemungkinan dikendalikan oleh sistem sesar berarah NNW–SSE. Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan, Batuan Vulkanik Raya meletus sebagai aliran lava yang berasal dari magma mafik sebagai produk pencairan parsial mantel yang kemudian mengalami fraksionasi kristal, injeksi magma yang lebih panas/kaya Ca, serta pencampuran magma pada proses magmatik sistem terbuka.
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