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Evaluasi Sistem Pengendapan Uranium Pada Batuan Sedimen Formasi Sibolga, Tapanuli Tengah
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.55981/eksplorium.2016.3112
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Uranium di alam dapat terbentuk dalam berbagai tipe cebakan, sesuai dengan sumber, proses, dan lingkungan pengendapannya. Keterdapatan uranium di Sibolga pada batuan sedimen Formasi Sibolga merupakan suatu potensi yang layak untuk dikembangkan tetapi hingga saat ini belum diketahui pola pengendapan dan proses mineralisasi uranium tersebut. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola sebaran batuan dan keterdapatan anomali kadar uranium berdasarkan data geologi, radiometri permukaan, dan data log bor untuk mengetahui proses pengendapan batuan dan mineralisasi uranium. Keterdapatan mineralisasi berdasarkan data log bor tersebar dari satuan konglomerat alas (Kgl 1), satuan batupasir 1 (Bp 1), satuan konglomerat 2 (Kgl 2), dan satuan batupasir 2 (Bp 2) dengan ketebalan dan sebaran semakin ke atas semakin menipis. Sebaran mineralisasi pada bagian timur pada satuan batuan konglomerat 1 lebih didominasi oleh mineral detrital hasil pengendapan epigenetik berupa monasit yang terbentuk pada saat pembentukan granit sebagai batuan sumber. Pada satuan batuan di atasnya mineralisasi berbentuk pola alur (channel) yang berarah timur laut-barat daya, yang terbentuk secara syn-genetic dengan mineral berupa uraninite, carnotite, dan coffinite. Pengendapan batuan Formasi Sibolga berasal dari timur ke arah barat dan pengendapan uranium terjadi akibat perbedaan kondisi lingkungan pengendapan dari oksidasi di bagian timur menjadi lebih reduktif di bagian barat daya. Peningkatan kandungan material organik yang cukup tinggi pada lingkungan pengendapan bagian barat daya menyebabkan lingkungan pengendapan dalam kondisi reduksi.
ABSTRACT
Uranium in nature formed in various deposit type, depends on its sources, process, and depositional environments. Uranium occurrence in Sibolga, hosted in sedimentary rocks of Sibolga Formation, is properly potential to develop; nevertheless, the depositional pattern and uranium mineralization process so far had not been recognized. The research aim is to determine the rock distribution patterns and the existence of uranium grade anomalies based on surface geology and borehole log data. Mineralization occurrences from borehole log data distributed from basalt conglomerate unit (Kgl 1), sandstone 1 unit (Bp 1), conglomerate 2 unit (Kgl 2), and sandstone 2 unit (Bp 2) with their distribution and thickness are thinning to the top. Mineralization distribution in the eastern area, mainly on Kgl 1 unit, dominated by detritus materials from epi-genetic depositional in the form of monazite which is formed along with the formation of granite as its source rock. Meanwhile, mineralization on the upper rocks units formed a channel pattern trending northeast-southwest, which formed in syn-genetic process consist of uraninite, carnotite, and coffinite. Sibolga Formation deposition originated from east to west and uranium deposit formed because of the differences of depositional environment from oxidation in the east to the more reductive in the southwest. The increasing of organic materials in southwest basin caused the reduction condition of depositional environment.
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