Dose Analysis of Boron Neutron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) for Breast Cancer Based on Particle and Heavy Ion Transport Code System (PHITS) V.3.34

Rizky Mu'amanah, Mokhamad Tirono, Yohannes Sardjono, Isman Mulyadi Triatmoko, Gede Sutrisna Wijaya

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.55981/tdm.2024.7103

Abstract


Kanker payudara merupakan salah satu jenis kanker yang paling banyak dijumpai, dengan angka kejadian dan kematian yang tinggi di seluruh dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) telah diformulasikan sebagai salah satu metode terapi radiasi yang menjanjikan dalam pengobatan kanker payudara karena kemampuannya dalam memberikan dosis tinggi pada target lesi dengan kerusakan minimal pada jaringan sehat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dosis BNCT pada kanker payudara dan mengeluarkan waktu penyalinan pada dua arah yaitu anterior-posterior (AP) dan lateral kiri (LLAT). Penelitian ini menggunakan alat simulasi PHITS versi 3.34 untuk mendefinisikan geometri kanker payudara dan organ di sekitarnya serta sumber radiasi yang digunakan. Fantom yang digunakan adalah wanita dewasa ORNL dengan tumor berukuran 2 cm. Sumber neutron yang digunakan adalah akselerator dengan berkas proton 30 MeV. Konsentrasi boron yang digunakan adalah 30, 60, 90, 120, dan 150 μg/g jaringan kanker. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi konsentrasi boron maka semakin cepat waktu penyinaran yang dihasilkan. Untuk teknik penyinaran AP, waktu penyinaran yang dihasilkan adalah 27,62 menit, 16,14 menit, 13,12 menit, 11,05 menit, dan 9,54 menit. Sementara itu, pada arah LLAT, waktu yang dihasilkan adalah 135,23 menit, 113,46 menit, 78,23 menit, 59,70 menit, dan 48,27 menit. Konsentrasi boron sebesar 150 μg/g dipilih sebagai konsentrasi optimal dalam simulasi ini karena menghasilkan waktu penyinaran yang singkat dari setiap arah penyinaran dan memastikan dosis yang aman bagi Organs at Risk. Pada teknik penyunaran AP, dosis yang diserap oleh kulit adalah 0,46 Gy, paru ipsilateral 1,01 Gy, paru kontralateral 0,16 Gy, hati 0,21 Gy, tulang rusuk 0,61 Gy, dan jantung 0,11 Gy. Sementara itu, pada teknik penyunaran LLAT, dosis yang diserap kulit sebesar 1,03 Gy, paru ipsilateral 2,19 Gy, paru kontralateral 0,72 Gy, hati 0,17 Gy, tulang rusuk 1,62 Gy, dan jantung 0,40 Gi.


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