DESAIN AWAL PILOT PLANT PENGOLAHAN TAILING MONASIT MENJADI ThO2 KAPASITAS 100 KG/HARI

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ABSTRAK

            DESAIN AWAL PILOT PLANT PENGOLAHAN TAILING MONASIT MENJADI ThO₂  KAPASITAS  100 KG/HARI. Telah dilakukan kegiatan desain pilot plant pengolahan tailing monasit menjadi ThO₂ yang bertujuan untuk membuat dokumen desain pilot plant dengan ruang lingkup desain proses. Dokumen tersebut berisikan data properties, blok diagram proses, perhitungan peralatan proses, preliminary process flow diagram (PFD), preliminary P&ID dan  plot plan. Pilot plant merupakan aplikasi data hasil laboratorium yang akan diimplementasikan ke skala industri. Tailing monasit (RE,U,Th)OH merupakan limbah pengolahan monasit (RE,U,Th)PO₄ yang telah diambil sebagian besar unsur tanah jarangnya (RE). Torium (Th) sebagai bahan radioaktif, digunakan sebagai bahan bakar nuklir pengganti uranium, dimana saat ini cadangan uranium semakin berkurang sementara cadangan torium 3-4 kali cadangan uranium dan belum diolah secara komersial. Keberadaan monasit di Indonesia cukup melimpah sekitar 1.5 milyard ton, saat ini monasit banyak dihasilkan dari pemisahan pasir timah oleh PT. Timah di Bangka Belitung. Kandungan torium di dalam pasir monasit  sekitar 3-6 % dan sangat layak untuk diolah. Berdasarkan perhitungan neraca massa maka dengan  mengolah 100 kg/hari tailing  monasit   akan   diperoleh produk ThO₂ sebanyak 2,3 kg/hari.

Kata kunci : pilot plant,  tailing monasit, torium oksida

ABSTRACT

             A PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF PILOT PLANT FOR PROCESSING MONAZITE TAILING TO ThO₂ CAPACITY 100 KG / DAY. Preliminary design activities have been conducted for pilot plant processing of monazite tailings to ThO₂ which aims to create a pilot plant design document with the scope of the design process. The document contains a block diagram of the process,  data properties, calculation of the main process equipment, preliminary process flow diagram (PFD), preliminary  P & ID and plot plan. The pilot plant is application data of laboratory results to be implemented on an industrial scale. Monazite tailings (RE, U, Th) OH are residu from the processing of monazite (RE, U, Th) PO₄ that has been taken its PO₄ and most RE. Thorium (Th) as radioactive  materials to be used as nuclear fuel instead of uranium  which is now diminishing reserves, while the reserves of thorium 3-4 times reserves of uranium and have not been processed commercially. The existence of monazite in Indonesia is quite abundant around 1.5 billion tonnes, is currently a lot of monazite sand resulting from the separation of tin by PT. Tin in Bangka Belitung. The content of thorium in monazite sand is about 3-6% and very worthy to be processed.  Based on the mass balance calculation process 100 kg / day of monazite tailings will be obtained ThO₂ product as much as 2.3 kg / day.

Keywords: pilot plant, monazite tailings, thorium oxide